Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, Bentley WaterCAD, Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 10.xx.xx.xx, 08.11.xx.xx Area: Modeling Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Problem When trying to open a WaterCAD model, the following error message (or similar) occurs: System.ArgumentException: Font 'Tahoma' does not support style 'Regular'. Problem ID#: 79815 Solution The likely cause of this error is that the font style Tahoma is corrupted. To resolve this, try reinstalling the font file from the Windows CD or copying a Tahoma.TTF file from a known working computer and paste into the fonts folder (C:\Windows\Fonts\). This should cause Windows to install the font if it is corrupt. If it already exists, you may need to delete it first. Make sure that WaterCAD and WaterGEMS are closed before doing this. It would be a good idea to reboot the machine before trying to open a project as well.
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Wiki Page: System.ArgumentException: Font 'Tahoma' does not support style 'Regular'
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Forum Post: RE: SewerCAD "Property Connection" not showing up under Layout
Jesse, Thanks for the prompt response. I'm wondering if you can hep me with the second (third?) question in my post. Is there a work around in the SewerCAD V8i (SELECTseries 5) that simulates the Property Connection function? Or do I have to add loads directly to MHs, WWs, CBs, or PJs? Thanks!
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Forum Post: Bentley Hydraulics & Hydrology Special Interest Group Virtual Workshop – December 21 – You’re Invited!
Mark your calendar for Wednesday, December 21, to attend the monthly Bentley Hydraulics & Hydrology Special Interest Group (SIG) virtual workshop. Focus will be directed to Fire Flow – Understanding the Fire Flow Analysis Functionality of WaterCAD and WaterGEMs . Learn how you can quickly and reliably determine the available fire flow of your water network. Register today ! Complimentary, one-hour sessions are set for 9 a.m. EST and 7 p.m. EST ; both share the same agenda. The workshop will cover: Drawing Fire Hydrant elements in a hydraulic model Creating scenarios and Fire Flow Analysis Alternatives Reviewing Fire Flow analysis results with the Fire Flow Results Browser Generating exhibits, reports, and displays to easily communicate your findings As always, you are encouraged to bring your questions, share best practices during the meeting, and network with your fellow users. One Professional Development Hour (PDH) will be applied to each attendee’s Bentley Transcript for self-reporting.
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Forum Post: RE: SewerCAD "Property Connection" not showing up under Layout
Grae, The property connection element only exists in the CONNECT Edition and greater. You could place the loads on manholes and connect them to the conduit via a tap and lateral element. However, in case you're not aware of it already, SewerCAD has a tool called Loadbuilder which can automatically assign and accumulate point loads (such as from a point shapefile) to the nearest manhole.
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Forum Post: New to Sewer Cad
Hi, This is the first time I am using Sewer Cad. I have a model to create which I have done connecting Manholes and Conduits. However when I move a Manhole the pipes to don't update to the new location. What am I missing here? Thank You
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Forum Post: RE: New to Sewer Cad
Hello Marnie, That does not sound like normal behavior. Can you confirm that the conduits in question do indeed have the manhole in question as the end node? (Check the "start node" or "stop node" field in the conduit properties). If not, it could mean that the manholes are orphaned (basically floating around, not physically connected to the conduits). If this is not the problem, here are a few other questions to start: 1) What version of SewerCAD are you using? In standalone, this is under Help > About in V8 XM and V8i, and File > Help > About in CONNECT Edition. The latest version is 10.00.00.40. 2) What platform of SewerCAD are you using? (are you using the standalone version, or integrated with MicroStation or AutoCAD?) 3) Does the same problem occur in one of the included sample files? (Samples subfolder within the main installation folder)
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Wiki Page: Graphing flow coming out of a tank
Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, WaterCAD Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Area: Output and reporting Problem How do I see a graph of actual flow coming in and out of a tank? Background The flow (out) and flow (in) values are always same for a tank with just opposite sign, for all the time steps, which does not reciprocate the tank filling range correctly. Because, as soon as any flow leaves the tank towards the junction, it is immediately replaced with flow from the reservoir, so the inflow and outflow values will be nearly identical. You can quickly access the graph of an element by right clicking on the element in the drawing>graph>select the required fields. Solution To see the actual flow in the tank over the course of time you could graph the flow in the adjacent pipe of the tank. The graph of 'Level (Calculated)' in the tank also reciprocates how much tank is filled over the course of time. Or the best would be to see the graph of percentage of water in the tank. See Also
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Forum Post: How can I convert units of output report of a Civil Storm file
I am analysing a storm water network with SWMM solver. When I run the calculation it gives me report in US customary units. Please guide me how can I convert this units in discharge in ***/second or depth in meter. Thanks in advance Ajay
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Forum Post: RE: How can I convert units of output report of a Civil Storm file
Hello Ajay, You can change the units from Tools>Options>Units, that will change the units in the results of the SWMM solver. Here you can select the desired units for different fields, please see below wiki for detailed information.
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Wiki Page: Dimensionless Huff 10-50 2ndQ 50% and 50-400 3rdQ 50% distributions throw an index was outside the bounds of the array error
Applies To Product(s): Bentley PondPack Version(s): 08.11.01.56 Environment: N/A Area: Layout and Data Input Subarea: Original Author: Mark Pachlhofer, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Description When I try to use a dimensionless Huff 10-50 2ndQ 50% or 50-400 3rdQ 50% distribution I get an error message that says, "System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array." error. Reason This is caused by these particular distributions in your engineering libraries not containing any data. Steps to Resolve Use the information below and copy then paste the information in to the collection Go to Components > Engineering Libraries Expand the 'Dimensionless Rainfall Curves' library by clicking the plus sign (+) to the left of it Expand the Bul70-71.xml library by clicking on the plus (+) sign Locate the appropriate distribution and click on it. You will notice there is information populated on the right side of the dialog box. On the right side of the dialog box click on where you see . You should now see an ellipsis. Click on it. Now you can download either file from here and copy and paste in the depth results. Huff Distribution 50 400 3Q 50% Huff Distribution 10 50 2Q 50% See Also Modifying and adding items to an engineering library
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Forum Post: RE: How can I convert units of output report of a Civil Storm file
Ajaykumar, The answer may actually depend on the version and whether you've applied a patch set. Can you provide your CivilStorm version number? In V8 XM and V8i, this is under Help>About. In the CONNECT Edition, this under File>Help>About.
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Forum Post: Dynamic wave vs Kinematic wave
Ref: http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/f/5925/t/129792 Hi Jesse Dringoli, I am using Civil Storm V8i Series 5 version. and not able to change the units of report. I am able to change units of element and profiles as Shusma Answered. I need to understand few points as below please guide. 1. Also when I am running the model with Explicit SWMM solver in Dynamic Wave mode and Kinematic mode it gives me drastic difference in results.(say big difference in flow) Please explain why this is happening. 2. With dynamic analysis it gives big continuity error, big flows and with kinematic or uniform analysis it gives no error or minimum error & very less flows. 3.How to generate hyetograph from IDF curves? Does the model automatically generate from IDF curves? if so where/by which tool we can see this ? Thanks, Ajay
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Wiki Page: What's new in SewerCAD CONNECT Edition
Product: SewerCAD Version: 10.00.00.40 Overview The CONNECT Edition release of SewerCAD introduces numerous improvements and features to help you be more successful. Let's explore each of these in detail. List of Topics Compatibility Supported Operating Systems Compatible Platforms Interface Ribbon Interface File and Help Menus Layout & Data Input Background Images View and edit the path for background images Improved background layer performance World file support for background images Bentley CAD file format for backgrounds New Element Property Connection Automated Catchment Delineation Calculations Pump Energy Costs HEC-22 3rd Edition Tractive Stress Results Graphs QuickGraph More meaningful steady state graph "Select in drawing" in graphs and graph manager Profiles Engineering Profile Annotation Table Profiles no longer save automatically Customizable Reports Record AVI video from time results Usability Enhancements Duplicate Prototypes Open on selection from within FlexTable Double-click on dropdown list to toggle through values Option to auto-close the Calculation Summary dialog after computing a model New alternative features (recently added to FlexTables) Excel export option available in all platforms Ability to use Wetwell %full as a condition with SewerCAD controls Maximum depth/rise property added to conduits to identify flooding/surcharging CONNECT Integration View Changes Toggle tap node dashed line display Added support for DGN files in ModelBuilder New Queries Display contour lines in plan view Compatibility [ Top of Page ] Supported Operating Systems Windows 10 (32-bit or 64-bit) Windows 8 (32-bit or 64-bit) Windows 7 (32-bit or 64-bit) Compatible Platforms SewerCAD CONNECT Edition standalone version does not require any CAD software to work. However, it can be integrated with the following platforms: MicroStation V8i SELECTseries 4 (Note: MicroStation CONNECT Edition integration is not yet supported with this release) AutoCAD 2016, or 2017 See: Wiki Platform Compatibility Interface [ Top of Page ] Ribbon Interface A new ribbon user interface has been added to the stand-alone products. A button has been added to the welcome dialog to provide quick access to the ribbon interface help documentation. The application menus match the platform the program is integrated with. MicroStation V8i does not use a ribbon user interface. Therefore this release of the Storm and Sewer products will not use the ribbon interface when integrated with MicroStation. The following article provides an in-depth look at the new ribbon menu. Ribbon Interface for Storm and Sewer CONNECT Edition products File and Help Menus When the File tab is selected, the entire program dialog switches to display the File menu (ie. "backstage"). The Help menu and Database Utilities have been moved to the File menu. Layout & Data Input [ Top of Page ] Background Images View and edit the path for background images The Image Properties dialog now displays the image's filename and includes a Browse button to edit the field. Improved background layer performance Background layers are now loaded more efficiently so that less memory is consumed. This improvement is especially helpful when using multiple large files for background images. World file support for background images Some image formats support associated world files. When attaching a background image file that has an associated world file present, the image will now be spatially located automatically (ie. georeferenced). The following file formats support an associated world file. bmp jpg jpeg jpe jfif tif tiff png Gif The World file extension is based on the image's extension. One convention is to use the first and last letter of the image's extension and add a "w" (eg. .jpg>.jgw). Another convention is to append the image's extension with a "w" (eg. .jpg>.jpgw). When opening the file, the Image Properties dialog will automatically enter the coordinates from the World file in the editable (Drawing) fields. Bentley file format support for background layers The following Bentley CAD file formats are now supported as background layers: DGN DGNDB imodel New Elements This release includes two new element types which are the lateral link and property connection. Property Connection Property connection elements are used to load sewer models based on data at the level of individual properties. This is useful when you have loading data provided for customers/properties based on metering, number of occupants/fixture units, or simply flow per property. Including all property connections in your hydraulic model is useful when there is a need to have a closer (one-to-one) match with your GIS. Being able to see all property connections in the hydraulic model allows you to get a more detailed view of where the individual loading occurs, rather than lumping many loads into one manhole. Property connections are used for sanitary loading in the GVF Convex solver in SewerCAD. Property connections support hydrograph, pattern, and unit loads. They can also directly accept runoff as the outlet of a catchment. Inflow/loading from a property connection element would typically enter your network via a Lateral link that connects to a conduit via a tap node. See: Wiki Property Connections Help "Property Connections" LoadBuilder can be used to assign isolated Property Connection elements to the nearest element by creating a tap and lateral connection. Isolated Property Connections are those elements that are not connected to any lateral element. Laterals are automatically placed between the source element and the hydraulic network when using LoadBuilder and selecting Property Connection Load Data as the Available LoadBuilder Method. When this data source is used, it is assumed that that load data is already available in the Property Connection. See: Wiki Using LoadBuilder to assign Property Connections to the nearest element and create taps and laterals Blog Video Introducing individual Property Connections to your model Help "LoadBuilder Wizard" The query "Property Connections not connected to Nearest Link" is now included in the Network Review Predefined Queries. Automated Catchment Delineation The new Catchment Delineation tool is a terrain model analysis system designed to find the catchment area with runoff flow path ending at a low point or passing through an inlet surface area. It automatically finds catchment boundary points for inlets, calculates catchment properties, and derives gutter network and gutter properties. Note: Bentley terrain model and its functions are used in running catchment delineation. When the Run Catchment Delineation is selected from the Terrain Modeling Manager, the button for Catchment Delineation will be placed in the depressed position. At this time, whenever a catch basin is added or moved within the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) the catchment is identified or updated. Selecting Catchment Delineation Settings from the Terrain manager opens the following dialog where the user can adjust parameters that control the catchment delineation tool behavior. See: Help "Catchment Delineation" Help "Catchment Delineation Settings" Calculations [ Top of Page ] Pump Energy Costs This release introduces a new Energy Cost tool which optimizes pump operations. With this tool you can now analyze the cost of operating pumps (by the energy used) during a single extended period simulation scenario. The scenario energy cost analysis determines the energy cost by pump for all pumps selected by the user. Pricing for energy cost is set up in the Pricing button in the energy costing manager. Price functions are assigned to individual pumps in energy costing. Results can be viewed in tabular format or graphed. Depending on the selection, results can show data for a single pump or a pump station. HEC-22 3rd Edition Various improvements have been made to the HEC-22 3rd edition structure loss calculations to bring better compliance with the HEC-22 Standard. Tractive Stress When conduits and channels have sufficient tractive stress they are essentially self-cleaning in that particles will either not settle or they will be re-suspended if they do. Starting in this release, tractive stress is included in constraint based design. See: Help "Tractive Force Design" Wiki Tractive Stress (aka Tractive Force, Shear Stress) Calculations and Design Results [ Top of Page ] Graphs QuickGraph The new Quick Graph feature provides a fast way to view a graph of a single element in the drawing. The Quick Graph automatically updates to display data for the selected element. More meaningful steady state graph If the current scenario is steady-state, the default graph is a bar chart for the selected elements. Elements from different scenarios can also be added in the Series Options dialog. The Series Options dialog can be used to customize the information displayed in the graph (scenarios, elements, and fields). "Select in drawing" in graphs and graph manager In the graphs manager you now have an additional option "Select in Drawing" which is to the right of "Add to Graph". When a saved graph is selected and you click this button it will select the elements that are part of the saved graph. Any existing selection will first be cleared. Only elements that are checked in the graph options will be selected in the drawing. Profiles Engineering Profile Annotation Table Engineering profiles now have the option to include an annotation table which is drawn similar to the analysis profile. However, the displayed fields and field order can be edited in the engineering profile which makes it more customizable. To toggle the annotation table display, click on the down arrow next to the Chart Settings icon and select "Show Profile Annotation Table" from the dropdown menu. The annotation table options can be edited by selecting "Profile Annotation Table Options…" from this dropdown menu. Profiles no longer save automatically Profiles created with the context menu (right-click>Create Profile) are now temporary. When you close the profile viewer for a temporary profile, you are asked if you want to save it. When you select Yes to this prompt you will have the chance to enter a label for the profile. Customizable Reports A new Custom Report tool has been added to the Report tab. This tool allows you to quickly assemble a customized report which can contain user input, results, graphs, etc. You can now define the template interactively instead of modifying an XML file manually (which can still be done). The reports can be exported to the following formats PDF HTML MHT RTF Excel CSV Text Image The Report Options dialog can be accessed by clicking the icon below the Custom Report icon. This dialog allows you to control how reports are displayed (eg. font, header, footer, margins). See: Help "Custom Reports" Help "Report Options" Record AVI video from time results The AVI Screen capture enhancement allows you to record videos of scenario animations. You can select which portion of the screen will be recorded. The screen capture utility will capture and record all the frames of the animation within the bounds you specify and produce an AVI video file which is sharable outside of the storm and sewer products. An internal video player allows you to watch the video after it is done recording. See: How to setup, record and play back videos of a simulation without any additional software. Help "Recording Scenario Animations" Usability Enhancements [ Top of Page ] Duplicate Prototypes The Prototypes Manager now includes the option to duplicate prototypes. Open on selection from within FlexTable When you have a FlexTable open, i.e. Junction FlexTable, you can now select the rows in the table based on the current selection. To use the feature: Select some elements. Open a FlexTable for one of the selected elements and click the drop-down arrow for the “Select in Drawing” button. Click the last item, “Select from Drawing”. If there are any elements for the type of table you currently have open, it will select the rows for the elements selected. You can then filter down the contents of the table by right-clicking the row header and clicking on “Open on Selection”. Double-click on dropdown list to toggle through values When editing data in the property grid you can double-click the label to change the value. This applies to Boolean fields (those that show true/false values); reference fields (i.e. zone); and enumerated fields (i.e. Status (Initial)). When you double-click any of these field types it will cycle through the available values in the drop-down list. Commands like “Edit” for reference fields are excluded during the cycling. Option to auto-close the Calculation Summary dialog after computing a model The Calculation Executive Summary dialog box opens after you compute a model. You now have the option to not automatically open the dialog after a compute by unchecking “Show this dialog after Compute”. This option applies to all available solvers for the product. This is a global option and once unchecked applies to all projects opened in the product. The post-calculation summary dialog now allows you to choose if it displays after computing a model as seen in the image below. This dialog can also be accessed by clicking on the Home tab and selecting the Calculation Summary icon. New alternative features (recently added to FlexTables) Some features that were recently added to FlexTables are now available for alternatives. You can now quickly zoom to an element within an Alternative dialog by either right-clicking on the row header and selecting "Zoom To", or by double-clicking on the row header. When a row is highlighted, pressing enter will select the next row. Excel export option available in all platforms FlexTables can be exported to an Excel file in multiple products (SewerGEMS, SewerCAD, StormCAD, and CivilStorm) and for all integrated platforms (MicroStation, AutoCAD, ArcMap, and stand alone). See: Can I easily export my results to an Excel spreadsheet? Ability to use Wetwell %full as a condition with SewerCAD controls In SewerCAD (GVF-Convex solver), wetwell control conditions now include the storage attribute "Percent Full". Maximum depth/rise property added to conduits to identify flooding/surcharging Conduits now have the property "Depth (Maximum) / Rise (%)" which displays the ratio of maximum calculated average depth (average between start and stop) to the rise of the conduit. CONNECT Integration This release requires the latest version of CONNECTION client. If it isn't already on the computer, it will be downloaded and installed during the product's installation. After the product installation completes, a CONNECTION client slideshow will display. This provides an introduction to the CONNECTION client, allows you to enter your login information, or create a new account if you don't already have one. There is a new CONNECTED Project association dialog which allows the default behavior to be set. If you don't want the dialog to appear in the future, then select "Do not notify me again". View Changes The view can be quickly set to Zoom Extents by double-clicking the middle button on your mouse. For some, this may be done with the scroll-wheel button. Toggle tap node dashed line display When a tap is placed, a dashed line appears to show which link the tap is associated with. The tap element symbology properties now include a "Show Associated Link Decorations" field to control if this dashed line is displayed. Added support for DGN files in ModelBuilder ModelBuilder now supports Bentley Drawing File formats (*.idgndb, *.imodel, *.dgn). New Queries The following Queries have been added. Network Review Property Connections not connected to Nearest Link Network Trace Find Adjacent Nodes Find Adjacent Links Find Adjacent Start Nodes Find Adjacent Stop Nodes Display contour lines in plan view Terrain Models can now display contour lines. The terrain model edit dialog allows you to define the minor interval and the amount of lines per major interval. The major interval will be calculated based off of those inputs. You can also customize the colors of the major and minor interval contour lines. See Also [ Top of Page ] Product TechNotes and FAQs Haestad Methods Product TechNotes And FAQs SewerCAD and SewerGEMS Sanitary TechNotes and FAQs Downloading Haestad / Hydraulics and Hydrology Software Software installation order Cumulative patch set information Set up notifications for new versions and patch set releases
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Wiki Page: Bentley SewerCAD
This article provides a list of in-depth TechNotes and FAQs for Bentley SewerGEMS. To search within this page, press [Ctrl]+F. TechNotes and FAQs Creating User-Defined Profile Settings Headwalls LoadBuilder - Flow Monitoring Distribution Modeling Force Mains with Air Valves in SewerCAD (GVF Convex Solver) [TN] Pump Station and Pump Combination Curves SewerCAD (GVF Convex Solver) vs. SewerGEMS/CivilStorm (Implicit and Explicit Dynamic solvers) vs. StormCAD (GVF Rational Solver)? Troubleshooting and Understanding LoadBuilder Troubleshooting negative pressures at pumps, junctions, & other node elements What’s New What's new in SewerCAD V8i SELECTseries 2 What's new in SewerCAD V8i SELECTseries 3 What's new in SewerCAD V8i SELECTseries 4 What's new in SewerCAD V8i SELECTseries 5 What’s new in StormCAD, SewerCAD, SewerGEMS and CivilStorm V8i SELECTseries 5 with CONNECT Integration What's new in SewerCAD CONNECT Edition See Also Product TechNotes and FAQs External Links Haestad Methods Water Solutions on Bentley Website Advanced Water Distribution Modeling and Management online textbook Support page on Bentley website
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Forum Post: RE: How can I convert units of output report of a Civil Storm file
Dynamic wave and kinematic wave routing are fundamentally different ways of solving for system flows. The dynamic wave methods involve solving the full St. Venant equations which are more theoretically correct but tend to have stability problems, especially when you have flow splits, surcharging and full pipe flow. Try using smaller time steps to dampen the instabilities. The kinematic wave equations are a simplification of the dynamic wave equations and tend to be a reasonable approximation, especially when pipes are almost always partially full. However, they do not handle flow splits, overflows and surcharging well.
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Forum Post: RE: Dynamic wave vs Kinematic wave
Ajaykumar, I have split your reply into a new thread to discuss the new questions. I will reply to the previous thread regarding SWMM units.
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Blog Post: Save time with automatic catchment delineation
If you're a civil engineer working in the field of site drainage design, you have likely had the need to create catchments based on site topology. The good news is that the days of sharpening your red pencil and manually creating these delineation lines can be retired with your planimeter and slide rule. The new catchment delineation tool automatically creates contributing catchment areas in a matter of seconds based on the location of inlets in your model in relation to an attached Digital Terrain Model . There is no longer a need to make these delineations with an external applications and then import using the ModelBuilder tool. To learn more, check out the additional sources in the "See Also" section below. This video covers the following: • Automatically creating catchment areas based off of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and catch basin placement using the new Catchment Delineation tool. • Deleting an inlet • Moving an inlet • Adding an inlet Applicable products/versions: • SewerGEMS, StormCAD, CivilStorm, and SewerCAD (version 10.00.00.40 and later) (Please visit the site to view this video) Want to see more? Sign in, click the More button and turn blog notifications on. Or, subscribe to our YouTube Channel. Want to see more? Sign in, click the More button and turn blog notifications on. Or, subscribe to our YouTube Channel. This video is part of a growing library of useful information designed to provide effective tips and information about time-saving product features within Bentley’s Haestad | Hydraulics and Hydrology products. Be sure to check back frequently to view the latest video. Better yet, subscribe to this blog by turning Notifications On. Craig Calvin Product Engineer Bentley Systems, Inc. See Also Wiki: Using Catchment Delineation Wiki: Digital Terrain Models and Downstream Trace SIG Video: Catchment Delineation Help: Catchment Delineation Help: Terrain Models Manager Help: Catchment Delineation Settings
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Forum Post: RE: Dynamic wave vs Kinematic wave
Similarly, IDF curves and hyetographs are fundamentally different ways of loading rainfall data. There is a wiki article that can get you started on understanding what is done to deal with this. communities.bentley.com/.../21322.how-can-you-construct-a-time-depth-table-from-an-idf-tablecurve But you really need to get into an engineering hydrology text book (e.g. Bentley's Stormwater Modeling Conveyance and Design) to fully understand the process
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Wiki Page: Why is the system time at one of my nodes much larger than the upstream nodes Tc or system time?
Product(s): Bentley StormCAD, Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley CivilStorm Version(s): 10.00.xx.xx, 08.11.XX.XX Area: Calculations Problem Why is the system time at one of my nodes (catch basin, transition) much larger than the upstream nodes time of concentrations or system time? or How is flow calculated for the GVF-Rational Solver (StormCAD) Problem ID#: 64653 Solution Most likely the reason why this is happening is the following: The time of concentration is added to the pipe travel time a.k.a (Time (Pipe Flow)) under the Results (Hydraulic Summary) for pipes which determines the system time. As stated in the Help documentation, when combining rational loads, the controlling time (aka system time) is the greatest of the individual loads' system times. Therefore the system time at a given transition X with one upstream node and a pipe connecting to it would be computed as follows: Catch Basin Y has a time of concentration of 5.00 minutes + the Time (Pipe Flow) for conduit Z which would be 71.193 min = a system travel time of at transition X of 76.193 min. Similar to a time of concentration, a system time (or controlling time) is the amount of time it takes for all contributing parts of the storm sewer to reach a given location. This includes a catchment's time of concentration, and pipe travel times. When combining rational loads, the controlling time is the greatest of the individual loads' system times. This system time is used as the duration of the storm when determining peak intensity, and therefore peak flow. To avoid unreasonably low storm durations and unreasonably high rainfall intensities, many regulatory agencies impose minimum storm durations, typically 5 or 10 minutes. StormCAD allows you to specify a minimum storm duration and uses this as the controlling time when the computed time is too low. In these cases, StormCAD carries the computed system time throughout the system, but continues to calculate intensity based on the minimum allowed time (until the system time rises above the minimum). For example, consider a catchment at I-1 with a time of concentration of 4 minutes, and a minimum allowable duration of 5 minutes: I-1 Catchment time of concentration: 4.0 minutes StormCAD computes flow based on: 5.0 minutes P-1 Pipe travel time: 0.5 minutes J-1 System time (4.0 + 0.5): 4.5 minutes StormCAD computes flow based on: 5.0 minutes P-2 Pipe travel time: 1.0 minutes O-1 System time (4.5 + 1.0): 5.5 minutes StormCAD computes flow based on: 5.5 minutes This 5.5 minutes is used as the duration in the intensity vs. duration equation used to calculate in determining the flow using: Q = i (CA) Original Author: Mark Pachlhofer
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Forum Post: RE: Dynamic wave vs Kinematic wave
Good points by Tom. Here's a link to the stormwater book he refers to: store.bentley.com/.../9781934493007--Stormwater-Conveyance-Modeling-and-Design ...and here's a link to an article on the Modified Rational Method, which would need to be used with IDF data with the Implicit or Explicit solvers: communities.bentley.com/.../6809.understanding-the-modified-rational-method
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