Applies To Product(s): Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.xx.xx Environment: N\A Area: Modeling Subarea: N\A Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Why do I get an initial surge (apparent surge occurring when there should be not) when using the load acceptance turbine operating case in Bentley HAMMER? What is the proper way of modeling a load acceptance turbine case? Solution At the beginning of the transient simulation, the turbine is expecting no flow in the upstream pipe for a load acceptance case. This is because the wicket gate is assumed to be fully closed and is only starting to open (and let water in) at the start of the transient simulation. If you compute initial conditions and flow occurs through the turbine, the transient simulation will not work correctly. To configure the turbine to be initially closed, simply select "Closed" for the "Status (Initial)" attribute in the turbine properties. Note that this option does not exist in the older version of HAMMER, like build 08.09.400.34. With this version, compute initial conditions and notice that the flow is zero through the turbine. You can now compute your transient simulation (as long as the other turbine parameters are correct.) See Also Using Turbines in Bentley HAMMER Initial turbine HGL the same as the final HGL after load acceptance

Applies To Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, Bentley SewerGEMS Version(s): 08.11.04.57, 08.11.03.83 Environment: N/A Area: Other Subarea: Original Author: Dan Iannicelli, Bentley Technical Support Group Why is Bentley WaterGEMS or SewerGEMS not integrating with ArcGIS 10.2? ArcGIS 10.2 Due to the recent release of ArcGIS 10.2, WaterGEMS 08.11.04.57 and SewerGEMS 08.11.03.83 were not initially compatible with this new ArcGIS version. If you have this version, a patch is available in order to integrate with ArcGIS 10.2. Also, an updated release of WaterGEMS and SewerGEMS is now available, to include integration with ArcGIS 10.2. This version is 08.11.04.58 (WaterGEMS) and 08.11.03.84 (SewerGEMS) and can be downloaded from our website. Please visit our software downloads page to download the latest update. See Also http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/w/hydraulics_and_hydrology__wiki/3402.aspx

Hoshi, 1) Load rejection occurs when the distribution grid fails to accept electrical load from the turbine-generator system. It requires that you must enter a curve of electrical torque over time. If the net torque (hydraulic torque times efficiency minus electrical torque) at a particular time doesn’t equal zero (synchronous speed or no load speed), the turbine will speed up or down accordingly. To keep the speed rise within an acceptable limit, the wicket gates must close quickly Instant load rejection is similar to the Load Rejection case, except the electrical load on the turbine drops instantaneously to zero (i.e. the turbine is disconnected from the generator). HAMMER assumes the initial electrical torque is at synchronous speed (hydraulic torque times efficiency) and then instantly drops to zero in the first transient simulation time step. The magnitude of this drop (in terms of electrical torque) influences the hydraulic results. These topics are both covered in the following wiki about turbine efficiency in HAMMER: communities.bentley.com/.../9474.turbine-efficiency If that doesn't help please explain what you are having trouble comprehending and I can explain that part in more detail. Regards, Mark

I'm trying to get some feedback on how our users are using our energy tools. This would include features like scenario energy costing, energy management, combination pump curves, system head curves, Darwin scheduler and related tools. I'm especially interested in case studies. If you have any comments you'd like to share with me, just email me at tom.walski@bentley.com . Thanks Tom

Hoshi, Are you sure that it's called a 'Sophical' valve? I searched for that term on the internet and there was nothing that came up. Mark

Applies To Product(s): Bentley HAMMER Version(s): V8i or V8 XM Environment: N/A Area: Modeling Subarea: N/A Original Author: Scott Kampa, Bentley Technical Support Group Overview The purpose of this TechNote is to discuss the how to model turbines in Bentley HAMMER. Additional information can be found in the Help documentation for the product. Background Turbines are used in hydropower generation plants. Given the importance of turbines in these systems, it is essential for a modeler to predict the transient pressures that might occur and to implement an adequate surge control strategy to ensure the safety and reliability of the turbine. Bentley HAMMER can be used to model transient simulations where turbines are involved and analyze potential protective measures that can be used to mitigate the effects of transient events. Turbines in HAMMER Hydropower turbines are located at the downstream end of a conduit, or penstock, to absorb the moving water's energy and convert it to electrical current. Conceptually, a turbine is the inverse of a pump, but very few pumps or turbines can operate in both directions without damage. If the electrical load generated by a turbine is rejected, a wicket gate must rapidly stop flow, resulting in a large increase in pressure, which propagates upstream (in the penstock). The primary purpose of transient simulations with turbines is to look at ways to protect the system against rapid changes in the electrical and/or hydraulic components of the hydroelectric system. In each case, hydraulic transients result from changes in the variables controlled by the governor. Electrical Load or Torque on the turbine-generator system varies with the electrical load in the distribution grid. In steady-state operation, the electrical torque and the hydraulic torque are in dynamic equilibrium. From a hydraulic perspective, electrical torque is an external load on the turbine. The moment of inertia comes into play here as it can influence the rate at which a turbine speeds up or slows down. What value should I use for moment of inertia of a turbine? Should I use WR^2 or GD^2? Moment of inertia in HAMMER is defined by the equation WR^2, where W is the weight of the turbine and R is the "radius of gyration" (not the radius of the impeller). Reference . Moment of inertia is related by torque by way of the following equation: I*d /dt = M where: I is the moment of inertia, which is a constant is the rate at which the turbine is spinning (measured in radians per second) d /dt is the rate of change in (omega) over time (radians per second per second) M is the net torque applied to the turbine (i.e., the difference between the torque from the water that is spinning the turbine and the torque from the generator that the turbine is attached to). So if M = 0, then the hydraulic and electrical torque is balanced, and the turbine speed doesn't change (d /dt = 0) But if the electrical torque drops to zero, such as in a load rejection operating case, then M becomes greater than zero and the turbine starts to speed up. It will speed up quickly if it has a small moment of inertia, and it will speed up less quickly if it has a large moment of inertia. Speed is another possible control variable for numerical simulations. For turbines, however, the governor strives to keep the turbine at synchronous speed by varying the wicket gate position during load variation and acceptance (assuming a 'perfect' governor). If field data were available, the speed could be used to determine whether the model simulates the correct flow and pressures. Once the time-varying electrical torque and wicket gate positions are known, HAMMER solves flow, Q, and rotational speed, N, in conjunction with the characteristic curves for the turbine. This yields the transient pressures for the load rejection, load acceptance, emergency shutdown, operator error or equipment failure. The possible emergency or transient conditions are discussed separately in the sections that follow. Note: The turbine element in HAMMER is not used to represent impulse turbines. Transients caused by impulse turbines can be approximated in HAMMER by using a Throttle Control Valve (TCV) or Discharge to Atmosphere element to represent the turbine nozzle. How do I model the Draft Tube? In the above first illustration, this is simply the pipe immediately downstream of the turbine. You can model it as a pipe going to a reservoir, sometimes with a surge tank between. Turbine Properties Time (Delay until Valve Operates) : The period of time that must elapse before the spherical valve of the turbine activates. This should be set to a large value if it will not impact the operation of the turbine. Time for Valve to Operate : The time required to operate the spherical valve. By default, it is set equal to one time step. This should be set to a large value if it will not impact the operation of the turbine. Pattern (Gate Opening) : The percentage of wicket gate opening with time. This is set up in the Patterns dialog, found in the Components pulldown. Operating Case : Allows you to choose among the four possible cases: Instantaneous Load Rejection, Load Rejection (requires torque/load vs. time table), Load Acceptance, and Load Variation. Diameter (Spherical Valve) : The diameter of the spherical valve. Efficiency : The efficiency of the turbine as a percentage. This is typically shown in the curves provided by the manufacturer. A typical range is 85% to 95%, but values outside this range are possible. See below wiki solution for more on turbine efficiency: http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/w/hydraulics_and_hydrology__wiki/turbine-efficiency.aspx Moment of Inertia : This value will account for the turbine, generator, and entrained water. This is also typically provided by the manufacturer. As mentioned in the previous section, Moment of inertia is HAMMER is defined by the equation WR^2, where W is the weight on the turbine and R is the radius of gyration. Speed (Rotational) : The rotation of the turbine blades per unit time, typically as rotations per minute or rpm. The power generated by the turbine depends on this value. Specific Speed : Enables you to select from four-quadrant characteristic curves to represent typical turbines for three common types: 30, 45, or 60 (U.S. customary units) and 115, 170, or 230 (SI metric units). The source of these three defaults is the US Bureau of Reclamation. You can enter your own four-quadrant data in the XML library. See the Help documentation for more information. Turbine Curve : This curve is used to define the flow and head for the turbine in the initial conditions computation, corresponding to the fully open position of the wicket gate. For a transient run, HAMMER uses a four-quadrant curve based on Specific Speed, Rated (initial) Head, and Rated (initial) Flow. Flow (Rated) : Denotes the flow under normal operating conditions. Only applies to the Load Acceptance operating case. Head (Rated) : Denotes the headloss through the turbine under normal operating conditions, corresponding to the rated flow. Only applies to the Load Acceptance operating case. Electrical Torque Curve : defines the time vs. applied (electrical) torque response for the turbine. Only applies to the Load Rejection operating case. Setting up the Turbine properties This section gives a brief overview of the general setup for a turbine. The exact information entered will vary based on the turbine and the modeling case that is being used. The properties fields “Operating Case” and “Pattern (Gate Opening)” go hand-in-hand, and are the primary modeling usage for a turbine. More details can be found in the next section. There are four operating cases to choose from: Load Rejection, Instant Load Rejection, Load Acceptance, and Load Variation. The pattern is created in the section “Operational (Transient, Turbine). It used in conjunction with this will represent the relative wicket gate opening at the time from the start of the simulation. The property field “ Turbine Curve ” is used to determine the relation between flow and head during the steady state analysis used for the initial conditions. If you are modeling a Load Acceptance operating case, you will need to manually enter a rated flow and rated head instead of the turbine curve. This is so that the program has a starting point for the development of the four-quadrant curve. In the other modeling cases, the flow and head used are derived from the turbine curve in the initial conditions. Load Acceptance assumes that the initial status of the turbine is closed, meaning there is no rated flow and head results. Instead, the program will use the rated flow and head entered in the properties. The flow and head relationship defined in the Turbine Curve is not used in the transient analysis. The transient analysis will use a four-quadrant curve derived from the rated flow and head, as well as the moment of inertia, rotational speed, and specific speed. The points on the constructed quadrant curve are relative to the initial conditions operating point (head/flow) where are derived from the turbine curve. Since load rejection and variation events assume the wicket gate starts fully open, the turbine curve that you enter should represent the turbine's rated/nominal characteristics, when the gate is in the fully open position. For load acceptance, where the gate is assumed to be closed, you enter the "rated" head and flow, also representing the nominal operating point of the turbine when the gate is fully opened. This information should be available from the turbine manufacturer. If you want to force a specific flow and head for your turbine's initial conditions, there are some options: 1) Enter a minimum number of points on the turbine curve, all close to the desired operating point 2) Use the "specify initial conditions" calculation option. This is a rarely used, legacy feature that allows you to manually specify the initial conditions, instead of allowing the initial conditions steady state solver to calculate them for you. For most models this is not a feasible approach, but if your turbine model is relatively small, it may be worth considering. To do this, open your calculation options under Analysis > Calculation Options > Transient Solver. At the bottom of the list you will see an option called "Specify Initial Conditions". Set this to true to expose various "initial" fields in the properties of your elements. For example for your pipes, you will see a "Flow (Initial)", "Hydraulic Grade (Initial Start)" and "Hydraulic Grade (Initial Stop)". By way of the initial flow and hydraulic grade in the pipes adjacent to the turbine, HAMMER will know what the initial operating point is and will use that for the transient simulation (along with the other parameters like the specific speed). Extra care needs to be taken with this approach, but you won't need to enter an accurate "turbine curve" (though you may need to enter some values in the turbine curve to avoid a validation message, even though the curve won't be used with the calculation option set to True). The specific speed can be estimated with the following equation: In US units n is in rpm, P is in hp, and H is in ft. In SI units n is in rpm, P is in kW, and H is in m. There are three different specific speeds available to choose from: “SI=115, US=30,” “SI=170, US=45,” and “SI=230, US=60.” Note: In a case where you need to have a specific four-quadrant curve not represented by the choices above, it is possible to create a custom four-quadrant curve. Please see the Help topic “Pump and Turbine Characteristics in Bentley HAMMER” for details. Note that the data that you enter for custom quadrant curves is unitless - it represents the shape of the curve, which is applied to the initial head drop and flow across the turbine to construct the characteristics curve (with units) used during the simulation. Lastly, the property field “Report Period (Transient)” will allow the user to see the turbine results in the Transient Analysis Detailed Report. These results will include the time, the gate opening percentage, flow, speed, and head. Note: While the four-quadrant curves for turbines have information for different gate openings, a result of 20% gate opening is as low as the report will go. That means it is not possible to compute or interpolate the turbine operating point when the wicket gates are less than 20% open, so what HAMMER does is linearly interpolate from the flow at 20% open down to zero flow (at the time when the operating rule says the wicket gates are 0% open). Without any four-quadrant turbine characteristic curves available for these gate openings, there is no way to compute the turbine behavior. Modeling cases with Turbines Like pumps, there are specific operating rules that can be assigned to a turbine in HAMMER. Below is a brief description of each case. There is a sample model which uses each case below. The sample model can be found at C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\HAMMER8\Samples\Turbine_Example.wtg. Load Rejection Load rejection occurs when the distribution grid fails to accept electrical load from the turbine-generator system. After the load is rejected by the grid, there is no external load on the turbine-generator unit and the speed of the runner increases rapidly. This can be catastrophic if immediate steps are not taken to slow and stop the system. To keep the speed rise within an acceptable limit, the wicket gates must close quickly and this may result in high (followed by low) hydraulic transient pressures in the penstock. Since load rejection usually results in the most severe transient pressures, it typically governs the design of surge control equipment. During load rejection, the generation of electrical power by the turbine-generator unit should decrease to zero as quickly as possible to limit the speed rise of the unit. To accomplish this, the wicket gates close gradually in order to reduce flow. In a real turbine a governor would control the wicket gate closure rate, however the turbine governor is not modeled explicitly in HAMMER and the user controls the rate of wicket gate closure. If the power generated by the water flowing through the turbine is greater than the electrical load, then the turbine will speed up; if the electrical load is greater, the turbine will slow down. Note: Load and gate position are entered in different parameter tables in HAMMER because they may not use the same time interval. HAMMER interpolates automatically as required. Instant Load Rejection Instant Load Rejection is similar to the Load Rejection case, except the electrical load on the turbine drops instantaneously to zero (i.e. the turbine is disconnected from the generator). During instant load rejection, the generation of electrical power by the turbine-generator unit should decrease to zero as quickly as possible to limit the speed rise of the unit. To accomplish this, the wicket gates close gradually in order to reduce flow. In a real turbine a governor would control the wicket gate closure rate, however the turbine governor is not modeled explicitly in HAMMER and the user controls the rate of wicket gate closure. Load Acceptance Full load acceptance occurs when the turbine-generator unit is connected to the electrical grid. Transient pressures generated during full load acceptance can be significant but they are usually less severe than those resulting from full load rejection. HAMMER assumes the turbine initially operates at no-load speed (NLS), and the turbine generates no electrical power. When the transient simulation begins, HAMMER assumes the electrical grid is connected to the output terminal of the generator and wicket gates have to be open as quickly as possible to meet the power demand, all without causing excessive pressure in the penstock. Note that in this case, HAMMER assumes the turbine governor is ‘perfect.’ In other words the power produced by the turbine always equals the electrical load. Therefore the user doesn't need to enter an electrical load, just a curve of wicket gate position versus time, and the turbine's rated flow and head. Under the Load Acceptance case the turbine will always operate at its rated (or synchronous) speed. When using Load Acceptance, you must enter the Flow (Rated) and Head (Rated) for the turbine. The transient solver needs these values into order to use the four-quadrant curve. If the turbine was open, these values would be obtained by simply computing the initial conditions. Obviously, when the turbine is closed, the computed values will for the rated flow and rated head will be zero, which will not identify the appropriate four-quadrant curve. To find the Flow (Rated) and Head (Rated), it is recommended to first set the status of the turbine to Open and compute the initial conditions. Note the Flow and Head results for the turbine and enter this for Flow (Rated) and Head (Rated). Set the turbine to Closed again and compute initial conditions and the transient analysis. The correct four-quadrant curve should now be used. Load Variation Load variation on the turbine-generator unit can occur due to the diurnal changes in electricity demand in the distribution grid. During load variation, the governor controls the wicket gate opening to adjust flow through the turbine so that the unit can match the electrical demand. The water column in the penstock and conduit system accelerates or decelerates, resulting in pressure fluctuations. The transient pressures that occur during general load variation may not be significant from a hydraulic design perspective since they are often lower than the pressure generated during a full load rejection or emergency shutdown. At steady-state, the turbine-generator system usually runs at full load with the wicket gates 100% open. The amount of electricity produced by the system depends on the flow through the wicket gates. A decrease in electrical load requires a reduction in the wicket gate opening to adjust the flow. The wicket gate pattern must start at 100% and cannot drop below 30%. Note that in this case, like in the case of the Load Acceptance operating case, HAMMER assumes the turbine governor is ‘perfect.’ Under the Load Variation case the turbine will always operates at its rated (or synchronous) speed. Viewing Results As with other elements in HAMMER, results for turbines can be viewed using the Transient Results Viewer. Profile animations will show how the pressure and hydraulic grade will change along a path and over the length of the simulation. The Time History tab will allow the user to view results for flow, hydraulic grade, pressure, air/vapor volume, as well as velocity and force, at points in the model. Locations will need to be added as report points to see the results at points in the model. In the Extended Node Data tab, the user can view a graph for speed or wicket gate opening for the turbine. If a value was included for the "Report Period (Transient)”, the user can see select turbine results in the Transient Analysis Detailed Report. These results will include the time, the gate opening percentage, flow, speed, and head. This data can be copied into an Excel spreadsheet and graphed, if you want to see graphical results. As mentioned above, speed and wicket gate opening can be graphed from the Extended Node Data tab in the Transient Results Viewer. A Note on Impulse or Pelton Wheel Turbines An impulse turbine has one or more fixed nozzles through which pressure is converted to kinetic energy as a liquid (typically water) jet. The jet impinges on the moving plates of the turbine runner that absorbs virtually all of the moving water's kinetic energy. In practice, the most common impulse turbine is the Pelton wheel shown in the figure below. Its rotor consists of a circular disc with several "buckets" evenly spaced around its periphery. The splitter ridge in the center of each bucket divides the incoming jet(s) into two equal parts that flow around the inner surface of the bucket. Flow partly fills the buckets and water remains in contact with the air at ambient (or atmospheric) pressure. It is important to note that the turbine element in HAMMER is not used to represent impulse turbines. Transients caused by impulse turbines can be approximated in HAMMER by using a Throttle Control Valve (TCV) or Discharge to Atmosphere element to represent the turbine nozzle. An example of this setup would be to approximate the gate closure on the impulse turbine using a "Discharge to Atmosphere" (D2A) element. See the schematic below for one possible setup of the system: If you want to model the impulse turbine gate closing in 10 seconds, you would set the D2A property field "Discharge Element Type" to Valve with an initial status of Open. Then you would set "Time to Fully Open or Close" to 10 seconds. Note: remember to enter values for "Pressure Drop (Typical)" and "Flow (Typical)". The "Flow (Typical)" is simply the expected flow from the turbine. You can calculate the typical pressure drop using the orifice equation). More information on entering this information can be found in the Discharge to Atmosphere TechNote found here If you want more control over the valve closure, you could use a Trottle Control Valve (TCV) element instead. The TCV allows you to enter an Operating Rule that has curve of valve closure (or gate closure, for an impulse turbine) versus time. For example, you could have the gate close quickly until it 10% open, then close more slowly the rest of the way. If you are modeling a Load Acceptance type case with for a Pelton turbine when using a TCV, you may end up with user notifications after computing the initial conditions stating that the Discharge to Atmosphere element has an demand that cannot be satisfied. The reason for this is that the TCV would be initial closed and the D2A would be set such that the program will see a demand on element. With the valve closed, there is no way to satisfy this demand. There are a couple of things that you can try in a case like this. First, you can remove the TCV and use the valve feature on the D2A. This will use simplified closure characteristics, but this may be suitable for some modeling cases. See the information above for more information. Second, rather than start with the TCV closed, start with the valve open. Set up the valve pattern so that it closes and remains closed for a time. How long will depend on how long it takes for the system to reach a new equilibrium and may take some trial and error. Once a new equilibrium is achieved, reopen the valve. The key results for your model will be during and after the valve reopening. Third, you can set the Coeffient Type to "Valve Characteristic Curve" and set the valve status to Active. For the initial position of the valve, set this to be 100% closed. With this setting, you will see a very small amount of flow, but there will be no messages about the system being disconnected. Lastly, you can ignore the user notifications. It will be very importance to make sure that the initial conditions results (such as flow and hydraulic grade) are correct and reasonable. If they are not, one of the options above will need to be implemented instead. See Also Product TechNotes and FAQs Haestad Methods Product Tech Notes And FAQs Protective Equipment FAQ General HAMMER V8i FAQ External Links Hydraulics and Hydrology Forum Bentley SELECTservices Bentley LEARN Server

1) In addition to Mark's response, please see the following article in our wiki: Using Turbines in Bentley HAMMER 2) I believe the two limitations you mention are the only ones, as far as the wicket gate pattern. Here's a related article in our wiki: What does the following user notification mean: At this turbine the gate must remain above 30.0% 3) I assume you're referring to the Spherical valve, which corresponds to the fields "Time (delay until valve operates)", "Time for valve to operate" and "Diameter (Spherical valve)". It is indeed a separate valve in addition to the wicket gate, which can be present in some systems. If you don't have a spherical valve, you can configure the aforementioned input accordingly so that it stays fully open. 4) The model you sent appears to be the "Turbine_Example" sample model included with HAMMER. This is a model I had put together a few years ago. In your question, you ask why the speed is decreasing while the gate opening is reduced but then ask if it should be decreasing. I assume in your second sentence you meant to say "increasing" instead of "decreasing". With Load rejection, the electrical load requested from the distribution grid drops (or in the case of instant load rejection, drops to zero instantly, as if a sudden disconnection from the grid) , which causes the turbine impeller to suddenly speed up due to the lack of resistance from electrical load. The wicket gate is then closed to prevent the turbine from spinning too fast (referred to as "runaway speed"). During the time between when the load is rejected and when the gate is fully closed, the turbine impeller will typically increase in speed. The speed is influenced by these two opposing forces - the lack of resistance from electrical load that makes the speed increase, and the wicket gate closure which limits the water that spins the impeller. So in short, the speed is expected to increase because of the drop in electrical load. The turbine speed is fixed in the load variation case because the Governer is assumed to be "perfect" and is keeping the turbine at "synchronous speed". In other words, the change in wicket gate position is assumed to be due to the governer responding to changes in electrical load and adjusting the gate position automatically. See aforementioned article "Using Turbines in Bentley HAMMER".

Applies To Product(s): Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley CivilStorm, Bentley StormCAD, Bentley SewerCAD Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Environment: N/A Area: Original Author: Mark Pachlhofer, Bentley Technical Support Group Why use the Ribbon Toolbar? The Ribbon is designed to help you quickly find the commands that you need to complete a task. Commands are organized in logical groups, which are collected together under tabs. Each tab relates to a type of activity, such as writing or laying out a page. To reduce clutter, some tabs are shown only when needed. For example, the Picture Tools tab is shown only when a picture is selected eliminating the need for numerous parallel toolbars. Contextual tabs are tabs that appear only when the user needs them. For instance, in a word processor, an image-related tab may appear when the user selects an image in a document, allowing the user to interact when an image is selected. A ribbon is a command bar that organizes a program's features into a series of tabs at the top of a window. Using a ribbon increases discoverability of features and functions, enables quicker learning of the program as a whole, and makes users feel more in control of their experience with the program. A ribbon can replace both the traditional menu bar and toolbars. * Microsoft Office Support, Retrieved September 1, 2016 from, https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Use-the-Ribbon-instead-of-toolbars-and-menus-d946b26e-0c8c-402d-a0f7-c6efa296b527 ** Wikipedia, Retrieved September 1, 2016 from, Learn the New Ribbon Interface The new ribbon interface upgrade keeps users consistent with other software, such as Microsoft Office, which has used a ribbon for some time. Clicking the "Learn New Ribbon Interface" button open the help document titled "Ribbon Interface - Getting Started", which will introduce the user to the organization and layout of the new toolbars. Search box This is powerful tool if you know what command you are looking. Type in the name of the tool in the search box and a drop down list is populated that lists the command or that contains a word or letter that was input. This feature will help easy the transition to the new layout and help you find what you're looking for faster than scanning each toolbar or tab. Cloud Services The cloud services tab allows a user to associate a model to a project. Minimize the Ribbon The carrot or arrow button the points in the upwards direction will minimize the ribbon to just display the Main toolbar commands (File, Home, Layout, Analysis, Components, View, Tools, Report, Bentley Cloud Services). Before After Customizable quick access toolbar This toolbar can be docked either above the ribbon or below the ribbon and allows the user to choose from commands they use most often like Save, Save As, Find, Undo, Redo, Open a project, Create a new project, etc… Home Tab The home tab contains icons the Analysis menu used to contain Scenarios , Alternatives, Calculation Options, the compute button , time browser, user notifications, validate, calculation summary, in addition to the layout button, selection tool, storm data, loading, RTK tables, pump definitions, graphs, profiles, flextables, selection sets, properties, active topology, ModelBuilder, etc… The File Tab Here you find the New button, Open, close , save, Import, Export, Recent Projects, Database Utilities, etc… The large arrow in the upper left hand corner brings you back to the home tab Layout tab Contains the link, node, runoff and pond, and pressure elements used for constructing your model. It also contains the SCADA element, Drawing tool, a shortcut to the properties grid, and prototype window. The Analysis tab Allows for access to all the tools that you need to examine the results in the model, compute the model, setup the scenarios for your model. This includes the scenarios , alternatives, calculation options, compute button, user notifications, time browser , graphs, design constraints, profiles, flextables, properties grid, queries, selection sets, network navigator, contours, SCADA Connect, etc… Components tab Storm Data, Loading , Extreme flows, Runoff, Pump Definitions, patterns, controls, engineering catalog, prototypes, storm water controls, minor losses, SWMM extensions, time series field data. View The view toolbar contains the zoom tools, named view, aerial view, graphs, profiles , flextables, selection sets, queries, network navigator, quick graphs, properties, prototypes, contours, and terrain model tools. Tools The tools tab contains the active topology, ModelBuilder, TRex, Loadbuilder, Thiessan Polygon, PondMaker, Element Property Inferencing, Update Conduit Descriptions, User Data Extensions, Batch Pipe Split, Scenario Comparison, Hyperlinks, etc… Report Create custom reports, open flextables for elements, scenario summary, hydraulic model inventory, conduit, and pressure pipe inventory. Scenarios drop down list The scenarios drop down list is located on the upper left hand side of the display pane underneath the name of the files. Quick access scenarios, select, pan, and zoom tools Next to the scenarios drop down list are quick access icons for the scenario manager, pointer tool, pan tool, and all the zoom tools. Options button The options button opens the options dialog box shown in the screen shot below. Options Dialog This dialog box contains 6 tabs. The global tab (displayed in the above picture) that has General settings, such as show status pane, zoom extents on open, number of backup levels, etc… The Window Color settings, and the layout settings, such as, auto refresh, display inactive topology, sticky tool palette, etc… Menus in AutoCAD and the Menus in Standalone The menus in standalone and the menus in AutoCAD are now designed the same way making interoperability and learning the interface easier. Frequently Asked Questions What happened to "Help About" where you find the licensing information and version number? The 'Help About' menu is now located on the File tab all the way at the bottom. Where is "Options" that used to be located under the Tools menu? Options is now a square icon still located on the Tools tab (menu), but in the lower right hand corner . Where are the zoom tool buttons located? The zoom tools are located to the right of the scenario drop down on the quick access toolbar. By default the toolbar is located above the drawing pane . Why aren't the toolbars dockable? In order to keep with the ribbon design concept all the toolbars are now in a fixed position. This should help encourage discoverability of new features and make learning the user interface easier. Please see the information above about why the ribbon toolbar concept was chosen. If you are having trouble finding a tool try to use the search box located at the upper right on the programs window .

Hey All, Bentley Hammer v8i, By decreasing the wave speed of the pipes from 1200 m/sec to 300 m/sec , it was found that the negative surge values increase how it comes as the pressure is directly proportional with the wave speed. Can you help me in understanding these results !!!

Applies To Product(s): Bentley StormCAD, Civilstorm, SewerGEMS, Version(s): N\A Environment: N\A Area: Data Import/Export Subarea: N\A Original Author: Glory John, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Is there a true integration for Civil 3D objects in StormCAD V8 or is it just that it can run in AutoCAD? Problem number:31617 Solution Civil3d integration works just like plain vanilla AutoCAD integration. Pipe networks can be utilized by import/export: 1.Take a model that entered with plain Civil 3D, export the xml, and import it into StormCAD. The hydraulic design has to be done in standalone StormCAD. So we import the xml file into StormCAD. If we need this data to be available in the source xml file or in plain Civil 3D we have to do step 2. 2.Take the StormCAD model, export the xml, and then import it into plain Civil 3D. The changes we make in the xml file after importing it into StormCAD are not going to be there in the source xml file. We need to export the xml and then import it back into Civil3D. This is because Civil3D and StormCAD work on different databases. See Also

Dear all, I am modelling a continuously rising force main of 500 m. The force main has an elevation difference of about 28 m from the wet well to discharge chamber. When the water level of the wet well is lowered (i.e increase the total head and thus decrease the total discharge), maximum reported transient pressure tends to increase. My issue is, does the pump head have more impact on the transient pressure than the pump discharge ? since decrease of discharge will obviously result in decrease of velocity in the force main and thus the transient pressure should reduce. What is the most critical water level at the wet well for a continuously rising force main ? Low water level or High water level? Highly appreciate your response. Regards, Nalaka

Hello Andrew, Please upload the model files. There are two options for sharing your model on Communities, whichever you choose please be sure to zip your files first. The first option is to attach the zip file containing your model to your reply on the forum using the Advanced Reply Editor (you'll find the link below and to the right of the reply box). If your data is confidential please use the instructions in the link below to send it via Bentley Sharefile. Files uploaded to Sharefile can only be viewed by Bentley employees. Please be sure to reply on this thread with the name of the file after it has been uploaded. If you upload the files to Sharefile, please post here so we know the model files are available.

Thanks, Sushma. Three model files (wtg, SQLite, dwh) have been uploaded and named "Relative Speed Model - wtg" etc.

Hello Mohammed, A change in the pipe wave speed can effect the timing of pressure waves and how they interact with one another, which can in turn change Say for example with one wave speed, two waves combine at a high point, causing a vapor pocket to form and collapse, whereas with another wave speed, the waves combine at a different place that is at a lower elevation and the pocket does not form. Here is a related article as an example: Air pocket collapse results changing with change in wave speed The nature of a transient event can tend to be complex, so I highly recommend enabling the "Generate Animation Data?" calculation option and viewing the animation of a few different profile paths in the Transient Results Viewer, to get an understanding of what happens during the transient simulation. This can also help identify problems with the configuration of the model. Here is a video from our Hydraulics and Hydrology Video Blog Series on animating results: Using Profile Animation to Better Understand Transient Results in HAMMER

I am running a HAMMER simulation using a hydropneumatic bladder tank to assess the impact of a large change in demand. The transient is set up to run at steady state for 30 seconds and then the demand at one location changes over 5 seconds with pumps changing speed and coming on over that same time period. The problem is that the tank volume drops precipitously in the first few seconds while the pump output also drops. Over the course of the simulation, the hydropneumatic tank level does not stabilize even though only one demand changes in two instances. The pump speeds were set so the pump output matches the system demand and the tank's initial HGL matches the steady state condition. I am attaching plots showing the first 10 seconds of the simulation for the tank level and outflow and the pump flow and head. Per the transient pump pattern, the pump speed does not change. As you can see, the pump head drops by about 30 feet almost immediately. I appear to be missing something or have an incorrect setting on the pumps and/or the tanks. Is this a typical problem and can anyone provide some insight as to how to correct it? Thanks. Lindle W.

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Applies To Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Environment: N/A Area: Original Author: Mark Pachlhofer and Scott Kampa, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem I've integrated WaterGEMS, SewerGEMS or HAMMER with ArcGIS and I have the correct versions, but I don't see the menus while inside ArcMap. Steps to Resolve In ArcMap, right click in the gray area at the top-right corner. You should see several WaterGEMS (or SewerGEMS or HAMMER) entries available to add as toolbars. At a minimum, make sure the "layout toolbar" is selected. (Please visit the site to view this video) If you do not see the menus or if some of them are missing, see the steps below, which should help with the issue. 1) First, make sure the version of WaterGEMS, HAMMER or SewerGEMS you have is compatible with ArcGIS. A compatibility chart can be found at the following link: Platform Compatibility 2) If you are working with compatible versions, there may be an issue with the program installation or the integration. First, with ArcMap and WaterGEMS/HAMMER/SewerGEMS closed, run the " Integrate ..." shortcut within the WaterGEMS/HAMMER/SewerGEMS start menu folder and try again. Note that you may need to have elevated permissions (such as Administrator privileges) in order to successfully use this Integrator tool. If you encounter a problem running the Integrator tool, try right clicking the shortcut > Properties > Compatibility and check the box for "Run this program as administrator." Related to this, you can also go to "C:\Programs Files (x86)\Bentley\(product name)\Haestad.Integrator.exe". Then right-click on this file and choose "Run as Administrator". Make sure that you do this from a user account that has full administrative rights, and make sure the product and ArcGIS are closed. 3) If that doesn't help, go to Control Panel and choose Programs and Features (for Windows 7) or Add/Remove Programs (or Windows XP). Find Bentley WaterGEMS/HAMMER/SewerGEMS in the list, highlight it, and select Repair . This will reinstall key components and rerun the integration tool. Once this is completely, you may need to restart your computer. However, once it is completely, the issue should be resolved. If it doesn't work, try a clean reinstallation of the program using these instructions . When you reinstall, the integration should happen automatically. * Note that you need full administrative rights to install the program correctly . 4) If you are using ArcGIS 10.3 please make sure to follow these instructions in order to achieve full integration . 5) When this is completed use the steps in the video again to locate the toolbars. 6) If that doesn't work the ArcGIS.exe.Config file might be corrupted. In that case you should try the following: a) Backup the ArcGIS.exe.Config file on the user's system, which is located at "C:\Program Files (x86)\ArcGIS\Desktop10.2\bin". b) Replace the ArcMap.Exe.Config file with this one c) Rerun the integrator shortcut to integrate the product. 7) Alternatively, try a clean reinstallation of WaterGEMS/SewerGEMS/HAMMER, and/or reinstall ArcMap. 8) Try temporarily disabling any antivirus/antimalware software (or try the integration in Safe Mode) to make sure it is not interfering with the integration process, then repeat option 2. If that doesn't resolve the issue, please submit your question on the Forum or contact Bentley Technical Support. See Also WaterGEMS for ArcGIS FAQ SewerGEMS for ArcGIS FAQ

Applies To Product(s): Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley CivilStorm Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX, 10.XX.XX.XX Environment: N\A Area: N/A Subarea: N\A Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Problem How can I change the units seen in the text output reports when computing a model with the Explicit (SWMM) solver? Problem ID#: 66758 Solution In SewerGEMS and CivilStorm V8i and in the initial release of SewerGEMS and CivilStorm CONNECT Edition, the SWMM output text reports always displayed in US (Imperial) units. This was because when the SWMM solver is used, the program always computes in US Customary Units, which causes the text report to be presented in US Customary Units. Basically the result reading architecture was predicated on the fact the results file is always in the same units. Shortly after release, a patch was made available for the CONNECT Edition, enabling the text reports to match the unit system used in the model. A patch is also available for V8i SELECTseries 5, build 08.11.05.113. Here is the logic used, with this improvement: Model Flow Unit Output Report Flow Unit CMS CMS MLD MLD Any other SI LPS GPM GPM MGD MGD Any other US CFS Other units in the text output report will be based on the defaults used for the respective SWMM flow unit. Note: the CONNECT Edition release introduced a new Calculation Summary for the Explicit (SWMM) solver (read more here ), eliminating most of the need to look at the text reports. The units in this new summary should always match the units you used in the model. If you're using V8i 08.11.05.113 or if you have a need to provide the standard output report in different units, this improvement is available in the latest cumulative patch set for the initial CONNECT Edition release, and will also be incorporated into future releases. If you have V8i SELECTseries 5 build 08.11.05.113, it is also available in the latest cumulative patch set for that version. Please contact technical support to obtain the patch. See more here: Cumulative patch set frequently asked questions

Interested in learning about what's new in the latest versions of Bentley's storm and sewer products? The following articles provide an overview of new features and changes in the recently released CONNECT Edition storm and sanitary sewer products: What's new in SewerGEMS CONNECT Edition What's new in CivilStorm CONNECT Edition What's new in StormCAD CONNECT Edition What's new in SewerCAD CONNECT Edition All updates to the earlier versions of the these products are also included in this release. Click here for information on downloading the latest versions of the products. Thank you. Regards, Bentley Technical Support

The following articles provide an overview of new features and changes in the recently released CONNECT Edition storm and sanitary sewer products: What's new in SewerGEMS CONNECT Edition What's new in CivilStorm CONNECT Edition What's new in StormCAD CONNECT Edition What's new in SewerCAD CONNECT Edition